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Ideological and Political Education Final Review

Introduction: Taking on the Great Task of National Rejuvenation and Becoming a New Person of the Era​

Section 1: We Are in the New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Section 2: The New Era Calls for New Persons Who Take on the Great Task of National Rejuvenation Section 3: Continuously Improving Ideological and Moral Qualities and Legal Literacy

The New Era Calls for New Persons Who Take on the Great Task of National Rejuvenation

When the younger generation has ideals, abilities, and a sense of responsibility, the country has a future and the nation has hope. Set great aspirations, cultivate great virtues, become great talents, and shoulder great responsibilities. A life with faith, dreams, struggle, and dedication is a life of meaning, height, realm, and taste.

Continuously Improving Ideological and Moral Qualities and Legal Literacy

The essence of a person is the sum of all social relations. Social attributes are the fundamental attributes of human beings. Both ideology/morality and law are important means of regulating people's thoughts and behaviors, coordinating interpersonal relationships, and maintaining social order.

Chapter 1: Understanding the True Meaning of Life and Grasping the Direction of Life​

Correctly Evaluating Life's Value, Life's Contradictions (Proper Perspective), and Achieving a Brilliant Life​

Section 1: The Outlook on Life Is a General View of Life Section 2: A Correct Outlook on Life Section 3: Creating a Meaningful Life

Main Content of the Outlook on Life

The purpose of life (core)

  • The purpose of life determines the path of life
  • The purpose of life determines the attitude toward life
  • The purpose of life determines the choice of life values

Correctly Evaluating Life's Value

(Programmatic)

  • The fundamental criterion for evaluating life's value is whether a person's practical activities conform to the objective laws of social development and promote historical progress.
  • Both the magnitude of contribution and the degree of effort should be considered.
  • Both material contributions and spiritual contributions should be respected.
  • Both social contribution and self-improvement should be emphasized.

How to Correctly Understand and Handle Life's Contradictions?

College students should scientifically understand various problems in real life, bravely face and correctly handle various life contradictions.

  • Correctly view gains and losses. First, do not overemphasize temporary "gains." Second, do not fear or dwell on temporary "losses." Rise above narrow calculations of personal interest. Correctly view hardship and happiness. Accurately grasp the dialectical relationship between hardship and happiness. Strive to be a pioneer who faces difficulties and works hard.
  • Correctly view prosperity and adversity. Whether in favorable or unfavorable circumstances, the effect on life can be dual; the key is how to understand and deal with them. Correctly view life and death.
  • Correctly view honor and disgrace. Only with a correct sense of honor and disgrace can college students clearly know what to uphold and advocate, and what to oppose and resist in complex social life, and walk the path of life with composure.

III. Achieving a Brilliant Life (Key Essay Question)

  • Align with history: Contemporary college students should correctly understand the development trends of the world and China.
  • Walk with the motherland: Contemporary college students should correctly understand the historical mission and responsibilities entrusted by the nation and the people.
  • Be with the people: Take the path of integration with the masses, learn from the people, and draw nourishment from the people.

Chapter 2: Pursuing Lofty Ideals and Upholding Noble Beliefs​

Individual and Society, Marxism, the Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Dream — What College Students Should Do​

Section 1: The Connotation and Importance of Ideals and Beliefs Section 2: Strengthening Belief, Faith, and Confidence Section 3: Realizing Youthful Dreams in the Practice of the Chinese Dream — Scientifically Grasping the Dialectical Unity of Ideals and Reality

From the Perspective of the Dialectical Relationship Between Personal Ideals and Social Ideals, Discuss the Responsibility to Shoulder in Realizing the Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation.

Personal ideals refer to the aspirations and pursuits of individuals regarding their future material and spiritual life under certain historical conditions and social relations. Social ideals refer to the common ideals of a social collective or even all members of society. The two are interdependent, mutually constraining, and develop together.

  1. Personal ideals are guided by social ideals. The realization of personal ideals must be based on the premise and foundation of the realization of social ideals.
  2. Social ideals are the convergence and sublimation of personal ideals. Social ideals ultimately depend on the joint efforts of all members of society and are concretely manifested in the vivid practices of each member striving to realize their personal ideals. Under the guidance of social ideals, college students should cherish their youth, strive for achievement, courageously pursue personal ideals, and work to realize personal ideals in the process of achieving social ideals.

Why Should We Believe in Marxism?

  1. Marxism is a powerful ideological weapon for understanding and transforming the world.
  2. Marxism is a scientific theory that creatively reveals the laws of human social development.
  3. Marxism is a theory of the people, the first to establish an ideological system for people to achieve their own liberation.
  4. Marxism is a practical theory that guides the actions of people in transforming the world (practicality).
  5. Marxism is an open and constantly developing theory that always stands at the forefront of the times (contemporaneity).
  6. Marxism is the towering tree of the Party and people's cause and the source of the ever-flowing river of the Party and people's continuous progress.

Discuss the Significance of Ideals and Beliefs for the Growth and Development of College Students. (Why Are Ideals and Beliefs the "Calcium of the Spirit"?)

  1. Ideals provide direction, and beliefs determine success or failure.
  2. Ideals and beliefs illuminate goals. To make life meaningful, one must move forward along the correct path of life under the guidance of scientific ideals and beliefs.
  3. Ideals and beliefs generate motivation for progress.
  4. Ideals and beliefs provide spiritual support.
  5. Ideals and beliefs elevate the spiritual realm. College students should closely link their personal aspirations with the future and destiny of the nation, making the flower of ideals and beliefs bear the fruit of growth and development.

What Should College Students Do?

To inject youthful energy into the realization of the Chinese Dream, college students shoulder the historical responsibility of realizing the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Only by building the path to realizing ideals on down-to-earth struggle can they unleash youthful dreams and realize life ideals.

  1. Set lofty aspirations and be a striver.
  2. Bear in mind "the great affairs of the nation" and dare to take responsibility.
  3. Consciously practice and unite knowledge with action.
  4. The Chinese Dream is the dream of development for every college student.

Youth can only become more brilliant through sincere dedication to the motherland and the people. Life can only shine when integrated into the great cause of the nation and its people.

Chapter 3: Inheriting Fine Traditions and Carrying Forward the Chinese Spirit​

The Chinese Spirit, Reform and Innovation​

Section 1: The Chinese Spirit Is the Soul of National Prosperity and Strength Section 2: Being a Loyal Patriot of the New Era Section 3: Making Reform and Innovation the Driving Force for Youth's Voyage

The Chinese Spirit:

The national spirit centered on patriotism and the spirit of the times centered on reform and innovation. (Including the great creative spirit, great striving spirit, great unity spirit, and great dream spirit.)

Why Is the Chinese Spirit the Soul of National Prosperity and Strength? (Why Must We Carry Forward the Chinese Spirit to Realize the Chinese Dream?)

  1. The Chinese Spirit is the soul of national prosperity.
  2. The spiritual bond that unites Chinese strength.
  3. The spiritual driving force that stimulates innovation and creativity.
  4. The spiritual pillar for advancing the great cause of rejuvenation.

II. Reform and Innovation Are the Urgent Requirements of the New Era

  1. Innovation is the primary driving force for the development of human society.
  2. Innovation capability is the concentrated embodiment of new advantages in today's international competition.
  3. Reform and innovation are the inevitable requirements for winning the future.

2. How Should We Be at the Forefront of Reform and Innovation? (How Should College Students Become the Vital Force of Reform and Innovation?)

Establish a conscious awareness of reform and innovation.

  1. Strengthen the sense of responsibility for reform and innovation.
  2. Establish the consciousness of daring to break through conventions.
  3. Build confidence in boldly exploring unknown fields.

Enhance the ability and skills for reform and innovation.

  1. Consolidate the foundation of innovation.
  2. Cultivate innovative thinking.
  3. Engage in reform and innovation practice.

Chapter 4: Clarifying Value Requirements and Practicing Value Standards​

Socialist Core Values, Values​

Section 1: The Common Value Pursuit of All People Section 2: The Distinguishing Features of Socialist Core Values Section 3: Actively Practicing Socialist Core Values

II. The Basic Content of Socialist Core Values

National level:

  • The value pursuit of prosperity, democracy, civility, and harmony answers the major question of what kind of country we want to build.

Social level:

  • Freedom, equality, justice, and the rule of law reflect people's expectations and aspirations for a better society.

Individual level:

  • The value pursuit of patriotism, dedication, integrity, and friendship answers the major question of what kind of citizens we want to cultivate.

1. What Are the Significance and Functions of Socialist Core Values?

  1. The value guidance for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, which embodies the value concepts advocated by Marxism and serves as the fundamental value orientation of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
  2. An urgent requirement for enhancing national cultural soft power. Now more and more countries have established cultural soft power as a national strategy, and competition in values is becoming increasingly fierce.
  3. The "greatest common denominator" for promoting social unity and progress. Cultivating and practicing socialist core values can form the broadest value consensus above specific interest conflicts and ideological differences, forming a powerful spiritual force for unity and struggle.

2. As Contemporary College Students, How Should We Cultivate and Practice Socialist Core Values?

①Study diligently. College students should focus on internalizing knowledge, both specializing and reading broadly, striving to master true skills for serving the motherland and the people. ②Cultivate morality. Strengthen moral cultivation and emphasize moral practice. ③Discern clearly. Be good at distinguishing right from wrong and making decisions. ④Be steadfast. Work solidly and be a down-to-earth person. Both set lofty goals with perseverance and unwavering effort, and be grounded, self-disciplined, and strive for excellence. College students in the new era should transform socialist core values into life value standards: study diligently to increase wisdom, cultivate morality to establish character, discern clearly to correct the mind, and be steadfast to achieve success, writing a magnificent chapter worthy of the times in the process of inspiring youth, opening up life paths, and contributing to society.

3. How to Understand the "Buttoning" Principle?

Example 1:

  1. College years are a critical period for value formation.
  2. The growth, development, and comprehensive development of college students cannot be achieved without the guidance of correct values. Example 2: ①These words were said by General Secretary Xi Jinping during a conversation with teachers and students at Peking University. The General Secretary used a simple yet vivid metaphor to profoundly reveal the importance of grasping value education early and solidly. ②Only when you choose the first step correctly in life can you walk your life path well and have a perfect life. The healthy growth and development of college students need even more the guidance of correct values. College students should start now, starting from themselves.

Chapter 5: Observing Moral Standards and Refining Moral Character​

Morality, Serving the People​

Section 1: The Core and Principles of Socialist Morality Section 2: Absorbing and Learning from Excellent Traditional Virtues Section 3: Engaging in Moral Practice of Upholding Virtue and Pursuing Goodness

Functions and Roles of Morality

  1. Morality originates from human social needs and serves human social life needs.
  2. In the functional system of morality, the cognitive function, normative function, and regulatory function are the most basic functions. ①Compared with moral forms of previous societies, socialist morality has significant characteristics of advancement. ②Socialist morality is a reflection of the socialist economic base. ③Socialist morality is the critical inheritance and innovative development of excellent human moral resources. ④Socialist morality overcomes the one-sidedness and limitations of class-based societies, upholds serving the people as its core and collectivism as its principle, demonstrating genuine and powerful moral force.

Why Uphold Serving the People as the Core? Why Is Serving Whom the Core Issue of Morality?

Serving the people is a great creation of the Chinese Communists who combined the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution. ①Serving the people is an objective requirement of the socialist economic base and interpersonal relations. In China, public ownership as the mainstay with diverse forms of ownership developing together is the fundamental institutional guarantee for serving the people. Interpersonal relations of unity, mutual assistance, equality, friendship, and common progress provide a broad social foundation for serving the people. ②Serving the people is a requirement for the healthy development of the socialist market economy. Serving the people does not necessarily conflict with the socialist market economy. Every market entity should have the consciousness of serving the people, actively serve the people and society, and integrate self-interest with the common interests of the nation and the people. ③Serving the people is the unity of advanced requirements and broad requirements. As long as a person always thinks of others, society, and the nation, they are practicing serving the people.

How Should College Students Practice Serving the People?

College students practicing serving the people means carrying forward the spirit of serving the people, respecting, understanding, and caring for others, and doing more good deeds and making more contributions for the people, society, and the nation.

How to Inherit Chinese Traditional Virtues and Carry Forward Chinese Revolutionary Morality?

①We should establish a high degree of cultural consciousness and cultural confidence, deeply explore the ideological concepts, humanistic spirit, and moral norms contained in excellent Chinese traditional culture, inherit and innovate in accordance with the requirements of the times, and let Chinese culture display its eternal charm and contemporary style. ②To carry forward revolutionary morality and inherit the red gene, college students should deeply understand the history of Chinese society and the Chinese revolution, understand the arduous practice of the Chinese Communists leading the masses in revolutionary struggle, truly appreciate the essential connotation, historical significance, and contemporary value of Chinese revolutionary morality, consciously fight against various historical nihilism trends that distort history and denigrate heroes, and strive to create achievements worthy of the times, the people, and the predecessors in the great process of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Section 1: The Characteristics and Operation of Socialist Law Section 2: Upholding Comprehensive Rule of Law Section 3: Safeguarding the Authority of the Constitution Section 4: Consciously Respecting, Studying, Observing, and Applying the Law

The Formation and Significance of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law

Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law is a rich, profound, logically rigorous, and systematically complete theoretical system of rule of law formed through long-term development. It points the way forward for building a rule-of-law China and has great political, theoretical, and practical significance in the process of building socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. It profoundly answers a series of major questions about why and how to implement comprehensive rule of law in the new era. Upholding rule of law first requires upholding constitutional governance.

The Status of China's Constitution

①China's Constitution is the fundamental law of the state; ②China's Constitution is the general basis for all state systems, laws, and regulations; ③China's Constitution stipulates the fundamental system of the state; ④The Constitution is the fundamental bond for maintaining the cohesion of a country and a nation.

The Fundamental Principles of China's Constitution

①The principle of Party leadership The Communist Party of China is the core of leadership in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. ②The principle of the people being masters of the country The people being masters of the country is the essential core of socialist democratic politics. ③The principle of respecting and safeguarding human rights The rule of law is the guarantee for the realization of human rights. ④The principle of socialist rule of law ⑤The principle of democratic centralism

College Students Continuously Enhancing Legal Literacy

  1. Respect legal authority.
  2. Learn legal knowledge. Participating in rule of law practice is an effective way to learn legal knowledge, including participating in legislative discussions, observing judicial trials, and participating in campus rule of law cultural activities.
  3. Improve the ability to apply the law. ①Safeguard one's own rights ②Safeguard social interests.
  4. Develop law-abiding habits. ①Strengthen awareness of rules ②Hold the bottom line of the law.